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LYS

LYSINE

LYS as a free ligand exists in 178 entries. Examples include: 5ELO 3K4U 3C5Q

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View summary at Ligand Expo



Chemical Component Summary

NameLYSINE
Identifiers[(5S)-5-amino-6-hydroxy-6-oxo-hexyl]azanium
FormulaC6 H15 N2 O2
Molecular Weight147.19
TypeL-PEPTIDE LINKING
Isomeric SMILESN[C@@H](CCCC[NH3+])C(O)=O
InChIInChI=1S/C6H14N2O2/c7-4-2-1-3-5(8)6(9)10/h5H,1-4,7-8H2,(H,9,10)/p+1/t5-/m0/s1
InChIKeyKDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-O

Chemical Details

Formal Charge1
Atom Count50
Chiral Atom Count1
Chiral AtomsCA
Bond Count24
Aromatic Bond Count0
Leaving AtomsOXT, H2, HXT

Drug Info: DrugBank

DrugBank IDDB00123 Different stereochemistry
NameL-Lysine
Groups
  • approved
  • nutraceutical
DescriptionL-Lysine (abbreviated as Lys or K) is an α-amino acid with the chemical formula HO2CCH(NH2)(CH2)4NH2. This amino acid is an essential amino acid, which means that humans cannot synthesize it. Its codons are AAA and AAG. L-Lysine is a base, as are arginine and histidine. The ε-amino group often participates in hydrogen bonding and as a general base in catalysis. Common posttranslational modifications include methylation of the ε-amino group, giving methyl-, dimethyl-, and trimethyllysine. The latter occurs in calmodulin. Other posttranslational modifications include acetylation. Collagen contains hydroxylysine which is derived from lysine by lysyl hydroxylase. O-Glycosylation of lysine residues in the endoplasmic reticulum or Golgi apparatus is used to mark certain proteins for secretion from the cell.
Synonyms
  • (S)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid
  • (S)-lysine
  • (S)-α,ε-diaminocaproic acid
  • 6-ammonio-L-norleucine
  • L-2,6-Diaminocaproic acid
Salts
  • L-Lysine acetate
  • L-Lysine hydrochloride
Brand Names
  • Aminosyn
  • Aminosyn 10%
  • Aminosyn 10% W Electrolytes
  • Aminosyn 3.5% M
  • Aminosyn 5%
Affected OrganismHumans and other mammals
IndicationSupplemental L-lysine has putative anti-herpes simplex virus activity. There is preliminary research suggesting that it may have some anti-osteoporotic activity.
PharmacologyInsures the adequate absorption of calcium; helps form collagen ( which makes up bone cartilage & connective tissues); aids in the production of antibodies, hormones & enzymes. Recent studies have shown that Lysine may be effective against herpes by improving the balance of nutrients that reduce viral growth. A deficiency may result in tiredness, inability to concentrate, irritability, bloodshot eyes, retarded growth, hair loss, anemia & reproductive problems.
Mechanism of actionProteins of the herpes simplex virus are rich in L-arginine, and tissue culture studies indicate an enhancing effect on viral replication when the amino acid ratio of L-arginine to L-lysine is high in the tissue culture media. When the ratio of L-lysine to L-arginine is high, viral replication and the cytopathogenicity of herpes simplex virus have been found to be inhibited. L-lysine may facilitate the absorption of calcium from the small intestine.
Route of administration
  • Intravenous
  • Oral
Categories
  • Amino Acids
  • Amino Acids, Basic
  • Amino Acids, Diamino
  • Amino Acids, Essential
  • Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins
ATC-CodeB05XB03
CAS number56-87-1

Drug Targets

NameSequence SearchPharmacological ActionActions
High affinity cationic amino acid transporter 1MGCKVLLNIGQQMLRRKVVDCSREETRLSRCLNTFDLVALGVGSTLGAGV...unknown
Lysine--tRNA ligaseMAAVQAAEVKVDGSEPKLSKNELKRRLKAEKKVAEKEAKQKELSEKQLSQ...unknown
Cationic amino acid transporter 2MIPCRAALTFARCLIRRKIVTLDSLEDTKLCRCLSTMDLIALGVGSTLGA...unknown
Cationic amino acid transporter 3MPWQAFRRFGQKLVRRRTLESGMAETRLARCLSTLDLVALGVGSTLGAGV...unknown
Cationic amino acid transporter 4MARGLPTIASLARLCQKLNRLKPLEDSTMETSLRRCLSTLDLTLLGVGGM...unknown
Drug Info/Drug Targets: DrugBank 3.0: a comprehensive resource for 'omics' research on drugs. Knox C, Law V, Jewison T, Liu P, Ly S, Frolkis A, Pon A, Banco K, Mak C, Neveu V, Djoumbou Y, Eisner R, Guo AC, Wishart DS. Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Jan; 39 (Database issue):D1035-41. | PMID:21059682