7ZBN

Cryo-EM structure of the human GS-GN complex in the inhibited state

Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
  • Resolution: 2.62 Å
  • Aggregation State: PARTICLE 
  • Reconstruction Method: SINGLE PARTICLE 

wwPDB Validation   3D Report Full Report


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Literature

Mechanism of glycogen synthase inactivation and interaction with glycogenin.

Marr, L., Biswas, D., Daly, L.A., Browning, C., Vial, S.C.M., Maskell, D.P., Hudson, C., Bertrand, J.A., Pollard, J., Ranson, N.A., Khatter, H., Eyers, C.E., Sakamoto, K., Zeqiraj, E.

(2022) Nat Commun 13: 3372-3372

  • DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31109-6
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    7ZBN

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    • Glycogen is the major glucose reserve in eukaryotes, and defects in glycogen metabolism and structure lead to disease. Glycogenesis involves interaction of glycogenin (GN) with glycogen synthase (GS), where GS is activated by glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) and inactivated by phosphorylation ...

    Glycogen is the major glucose reserve in eukaryotes, and defects in glycogen metabolism and structure lead to disease. Glycogenesis involves interaction of glycogenin (GN) with glycogen synthase (GS), where GS is activated by glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) and inactivated by phosphorylation. We describe the 2.6 Å resolution cryo-EM structure of phosphorylated human GS revealing an autoinhibited GS tetramer flanked by two GN dimers. Phosphorylated N- and C-termini from two GS protomers converge near the G6P-binding pocket and buttress against GS regulatory helices. This keeps GS in an inactive conformation mediated by phospho-Ser641 interactions with a composite "arginine cradle". Structure-guided mutagenesis perturbing interactions with phosphorylated tails led to increased basal/unstimulated GS activity. We propose that multivalent phosphorylation supports GS autoinhibition through interactions from a dynamic "spike" region, allowing a tuneable rheostat for regulating GS activity. This work therefore provides insights into glycogen synthesis regulation and facilitates studies of glycogen-related diseases.

    Organizational Affiliation: 

    Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK. e.zeqiraj@leeds.ac.uk.



Macromolecules
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Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChainsSequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Glycogen [starch] synthase, muscleA,
E [auth C]		737Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: GYS1, GYS
EC: 2.4.1.11
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for P13807 (Homo sapiens)
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PHAROS:  P13807
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UniProt GroupP13807
Protein Feature View
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  • Reference Sequence
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Entity ID: 2
MoleculeChainsSequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Glycogen [starch] synthase, muscleB,
F [auth D]		737Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: GYS1, GYS
EC: 2.4.1.11
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UniProt GroupP13807
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Entity ID: 3
MoleculeChainsSequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Isoform GN-1 of Glycogenin-1C [auth E],
D [auth F],
G,
H		333Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: GYG1, GYG
EC: 2.4.1.186
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for P46976 (Homo sapiens)
Explore P46976 
Go to UniProtKB:  P46976
PHAROS:  P46976
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UniProt GroupP46976-2
Protein Feature View
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  • Reference Sequence
Small Molecules
Modified Residues  1 Unique
IDChainsTypeFormula2D DiagramParent
SEP
Query on SEP		B,
F [auth D]		L-PEPTIDE LINKINGC3 H8 N O6 PSER
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
  • Resolution: 2.62 Å
  • Aggregation State: PARTICLE 
  • Reconstruction Method: SINGLE PARTICLE 

Structure Validation

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Entry History & Funding Information

Deposition Data

  • Deposited Date: 2022-03-23 
  • Released Date: 2022-06-22 
    • Deposition Author(s): Marr, L., Zeqiraj, E.
Funding OrganizationLocationGrant Number
UK Research and Innovation (UKRI)United Kingdom--

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2022-06-22
    Type: Initial release