Download MendeleyStructural and mechanistic characterization of bifunctional heparan sulfate N-deacetylase-N-sulfotransferase 1.
Mycroft-West, C.J., Abdelkarim, S., Duyvesteyn, H.M.E., Gandhi, N.S., Skidmore, M.A., Owens, R.J., Wu, L.(2024) Nat Commun 15: 1326-1326
- PubMed: 38351061
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-45419-4
- Primary Citation of Related Structures:
8CCY, 8CD0, 8CHS - PubMed Abstract:
Heparan sulfate (HS) polysaccharides are major constituents of the extracellular matrix, which are involved in myriad structural and signaling processes. Mature HS polysaccharides contain complex, non-templated patterns of sulfation and epimerization, which mediate interactions with diverse protein partners. Complex HS modifications form around initial clusters of glucosamine-N-sulfate (GlcNS) on nascent polysaccharide chains, but the mechanistic basis underpinning incorporation of GlcNS itself into HS remains unclear. Here, we determine cryo-electron microscopy structures of human N-deacetylase-N-sulfotransferase (NDST)1, the bifunctional enzyme primarily responsible for initial GlcNS modification of HS. Our structures reveal the architecture of both NDST1 deacetylase and sulfotransferase catalytic domains, alongside a non-catalytic N-terminal domain. The two catalytic domains of NDST1 adopt a distinct back-to-back topology that limits direct cooperativity. Binding analyses, aided by activity-modulating nanobodies, suggest that anchoring of the substrate at the sulfotransferase domain initiates the NDST1 catalytic cycle, providing a plausible mechanism for cooperativity despite spatial domain separation. Our data shed light on key determinants of NDST1 activity, and describe tools to probe NDST1 function in vitro and in vivo.
- The Rosalind Franklin Institute, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, OX11 0QX, Didcot, UK.
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